Voir la source de GEM4 dynamics

= Documentation  =

Click [http://people.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/GEM/Version_3.3.2/References.html here] for references about the '''GEM physics'''.

=== GEM4: C. Girard &amp; A. Plante (RPN/CMC)  ===

*C. Girard, A. Plante et al. (2013): [http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/GEM4_Girard_Plante_RPN_CMC/2014_Girard_Plante_MWR_GEM_Staggered.pdf '''Staggered Vertical Discretization of the Canadian Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model Using a Coordinate of the Log-Hydrostatic-Pressure Type'''] 
*C. Girard, A. Plante et al. (2011): [http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/GEM4_Girard_Plante_RPN_CMC/GEM4_1_Girard_Plante.pdf '''GEM4.1: A non-hydrostatic atmospheric model (Euler equations)'''] 
*C. Girard, A. Plante et al. (2011): [http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/GEM4_Girard_Plante_RPN_CMC/GEM4_2_Girard_Plante.pdf '''GEM4.2: A non-hydrostatic atmospheric model (Euler equations)'''] 
*C. Girard, A. Plante et al.: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; [http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/GEM4_Girard_Plante_RPN_CMC/Trajectory_calculations.pdf '''Options for Semi-Lagrangian Trajectory Calculations''']

=== GEM4: R. Laprise (UQAM)  ===

*R. Laprise (2015): '''Formulation dynamique de GEM4 '''<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/GEM4_Laprise_UQAM/GEM4_A1_Eq_continues.docx '''Section 1&nbsp;: Les équations continues''']<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/GEM4_Laprise_UQAM/GEM4_A2_Eq_continues_Annexes.docx '''Section 1&nbsp;: Les équations continues Annexes'''] <br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; [http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/GEM4_Laprise_UQAM/GEM4_B1_Eq_discretes.docx '''Section 2&nbsp;: Les équations discrètes à la verticale et dans le temps'''] <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/GEM4_Laprise_UQAM/GEM4_B2_Eq_discretes_Annexes.docx '''Section 2&nbsp;: Les équations discrètes à la verticale et dans le temps Annexes''']

=== Références  ===

*Girard, C., A. Plante, M. Desgagné, R. McTaggart-Cowan, J. Côté, M. Charron, S. Gravel, V. Lee, A. Patoine, A. Qaddouri, M. Roch, L. Spacek, M. Tanguay, P. A. Vaillancourt and A. Zadra, 2014: <br>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-13-00255.1 '''Staggered Vertical Discretization of the Canadian Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model Using a Coordinate of the Log-Hydrostatic-Pressure Type.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev., 142, 1183–1196.

*Girard, C., and A. Plante, 2013:<br> [http://collaboration.cmc.ec.gc.ca/science/rpn/publications/pdf/GEM4.1.pdf '''GEM4.2: A non-hydrostatic atmospheric model (Euler equations) in terrain-following vertical coordinate of the log-hydrostatic-pressure type vertically discretized on a Charney-Phillips grid with simple differences and means, Revision 2. Notes internes.'''] Recherches en prévision numérique, Environment Canada, 59 pp. La version 2011 “GEM4.1 - Revision 1” du document est disponible au site (accédé le 4 février 2015)

*Qaddouri, A., and V.Lee, 2011:<br> [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/qj.873/pdf '''The Canadian Global Environmental Multiscale model on the Yin-Yang grid system'''], Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 137, 660, 1913-1926, DOI: 10.1002/qj.873

*Bénard, P., R. Laprise, J. Vivoda, P. Smolíková, 2004:<br> [http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/References_Autres/2004_Bénard_et_al.pdf '''Stability of Leapfrog Constant-Coefficients Semi-Implicit Schemes for the Fully Elastic System of Euler Equations: Flat-Terrain Case.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1306-1318.

*Yeh, K.-S., J. Côté, S. Gravel, A. Méthot, A. Patoine, M. Roch and A. Staniforth, 2002: <br>[http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/full/10.1175/1520-0493(2002)130%3C0339:TCMGEM%3E2.0.CO%3B2 '''The CMC-MRB Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model. Part III: Nonhydrostatic Formulation.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 339-356.

*Caya, A., R. Laprise and P. Zwack, 1998: <br>[http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0493%281998%29126%3C1707%3ACOUTSM%3E2.0.CO%3B2 '''Consequences of Using the Splitting Method for Implementing Physical Forcings in a Semi-Implicit Semi-Lagrangian Model.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev. 126(6), 1707-1713.

*Côté, J. et al., 1998: <br>[http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/References_Autres/1998_Cote_GEM_II.pdf '''The Operational CMC–MRB Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model. Part I: Results.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1397-1418.

*Côté, J. et al., 1998: <br>[http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/References_Autres/1998_Cote_GEM_I.pdf '''The Operational CMC–MRB Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model. Part I: Design Considerations and Formulation.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1373-1395.

*Rivest, C., A. Staniforth, and A. Robert, 1994:<br>[http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0493%281994%29122%3C0366%3ASRROSL%3E2.0.CO%3B2 '''Spurious resonant response of semi-Lagrangian discretizations to orographic forcing: Diagnosis and solution.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 366–376.

*Laprise, R., 1992: <br>[http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0493(1992)120%3C0197%3ATEEOMW%3E2.0.CO%3B2 '''The Euler equation of motion with hydrostatic pressure as independent coordinate.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev. 120(1), 197-207.

*Laprise, R., C. Girard, 1990:<br>[http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0442%281990%29003%3C0032%3AASGCMU%3E2.0.CO%3B2 '''A Spectral Circulation Model Using a Piecewise-Constant Finite-Element Representation on a Hybrid Vertical Coordinate System.'''] J. Climate, 3, 32–52.

*Kasahara, A., 1974:<br> [http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/students/courselinks/spring12/atmo558/Lectures/Vertical%20coordinate%20system.pdf '''Various vertical coordinate systems used for numerical weather prediction.'''] Mon. Wea. Rev. 102, 509-522. See also corrigendum: Mon. Wea. Rev. 103, 664.

=== Other references ===

*Laprise, R.: <br>[http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/References_Autres/SCA7001_Laprise_D04_Mouvement_2.docx '''Équations de Navier-Stokes (ou d'Euler).'''] SCA7001, D04, Mouvement 2

*Laprise, R.: <br>[http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/References_Autres/SCA7001_Laprise_D09_Coord_Verticale.docx '''Coordonnée verticale générale.'''] SCA7001, D09

*Laprise, R., 1991: <br>[http://pascal.sca.uqam.ca/~winger/Documents/GEM4_Dynamique/References_Autres/1992.Pi.Coordinate.docx '''The Euler Equations of Momentum with Hydrostatic Pressure as Independent Variable.''']