GEM4 dynamics

Documentation

Click here for references about the GEM physics.

GEM4: C. Girard & A. Plante (RPN/CMC)

• C. Girard, A. Plante et al. (2013): Staggered Vertical Discretization of the Canadian Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model Using a Coordinate of the Log-Hydrostatic-Pressure Type
• C. Girard, A. Plante et al. (2011): GEM4.1: A non-hydrostatic atmospheric model (Euler equations)
• C. Girard, A. Plante et al. (2011): GEM4.2: A non-hydrostatic atmospheric model (Euler equations)
• C. Girard, A. Plante et al.:            Options for Semi-Lagrangian Trajectory Calculations

GEM4: R. Laprise (UQAM)

• R. Laprise (2015): Formulation dynamique de GEM4
                               Section 1 : Les équations continues
                               Section 1 : Les équations continues Annexes
                               Section 2 : Les équations discrètes à la verticale et dans le temps
                               Section 2 : Les équations discrètes à la verticale et dans le temps Annexes

Références

• Girard, C., A. Plante, M. Desgagné, R. McTaggart-Cowan, J. Côté, M. Charron, S. Gravel, V. Lee, A. Patoine, A. Qaddouri, M. Roch, L. Spacek, M. Tanguay, P. A. Vaillancourt and A. Zadra, 2014:
  Staggered Vertical Discretization of the Canadian Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model Using a Coordinate of the Log-Hydrostatic-Pressure Type. Mon. Wea. Rev., 142, 1183–1196.

• Girard, C., and A. Plante, 2013:
  GEM4.2: A non-hydrostatic atmospheric model (Euler equations) in terrain-following vertical coordinate of the log-hydrostatic-pressure type vertically discretized on a Charney-Phillips grid with simple differences and means, Revision 2. Notes internes. Recherches en prévision numérique, Environment Canada, 59 pp. La version 2011 “GEM4.1 - Revision 1” du document est disponible au site (accédé le 4 février 2015)

• Qaddouri, A., and V.Lee, 2011:
  The Canadian Global Environmental Multiscale model on the Yin-Yang grid system, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 137, 660, 1913-1926, DOI: 10.1002/qj.873

• Bénard, P., R. Laprise, J. Vivoda, P. Smolíková, 2004:
  Stability of Leapfrog Constant-Coefficients Semi-Implicit Schemes for the Fully Elastic System of Euler Equations: Flat-Terrain Case. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1306-1318.

• Yeh, K.-S., J. Côté, S. Gravel, A. Méthot, A. Patoine, M. Roch and A. Staniforth, 2002:
  The CMC­-MRB Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model. Part III: Nonhydrostatic Formulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 339­-356.

• Caya, A., R. Laprise and P. Zwack, 1998:
  Consequences of Using the Splitting Method for Implementing Physical Forcings in a Semi-Implicit Semi-Lagrangian Model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 126(6), 1707-1713.

• Côté, J. et al., 1998:
  The Operational CMC–MRB Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model. Part I: Results. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1397-1418.

• Côté, J. et al., 1998:
  The Operational CMC–MRB Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model. Part I: Design Considerations and Formulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1373-1395.

• Rivest, C., A. Staniforth, and A. Robert, 1994:
  Spurious resonant response of semi-Lagrangian discretizations to orographic forcing: Diagnosis and solution. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 366–376.

• Laprise, R., 1992:
  The Euler equation of motion with hydrostatic pressure as independent coordinate. Mon. Wea. Rev. 120(1), 197-207.

• Laprise, R., C. Girard, 1990:
  A Spectral Circulation Model Using a Piecewise-Constant Finite-Element Representation on a Hybrid Vertical Coordinate System. J. Climate, 3, 32–52.

• Kasahara, A., 1974:
  Various vertical coordinate systems used for numerical weather prediction. Mon. Wea. Rev. 102, 509-522. See also corrigendum: Mon. Wea. Rev. 103, 664.

Other references

• Laprise, R.:
  Équations de Navier-Stokes (ou d'Euler). SCA7001, D04, Mouvement 2

• Laprise, R.:
  Coordonnée verticale générale. SCA7001, D09

• Laprise, R., 1991:
  The Euler Equations of Momentum with Hydrostatic Pressure as Independent Variable.